---
title: He kindled eruptions manifold, but they were overwhelmed by the vast… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: He kindled eruptions manifold, but they were overwhelmed by the vast volumes of water hurled against them by Kama-puaa. Who acts: makua, eruptions, vast volumes. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 80

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He kindled eruptions manifold, but they were overwhelmed by the vast volumes of water hurled against them by Kama-puaa.

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**Who acts:** makua, eruptions, vast volumes · **What happens:** kindle, manifold, overwhelm, hurl · **To what, where:** eruptions, vast volumes

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (makua, eruptions, vast volumes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:11:80
# text = He kindled eruptions manifold, but they were overwhelmed by the vast volumes of water hurled against them by Kama-puaa.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	eruptions	eruption	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	manifold	manifold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	overwhelmed	overwhelm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	vast	vast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	volumes	volume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	hurled	hurl	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
17	against	against	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	Kama	Kama	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	puaa	puaa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | past | makua |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **manifold** | present | eruptions |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **overwhelm** | past · passive | the vast volumes of water | eruptions *= eruption* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |
| 4 | **hurl** | participle |  | the vast volumes of water *not said here* |  |  |  | against waters *= water*; by Kama puaa | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent against they=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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