---
title: He landed and proposed marriage, but she made a betrothal with him b… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: He landed and proposed marriage, but she made a betrothal with him by the exchange of the cloaks which they were wearing. Who acts: Hamakua, Aiwohikupua, cloaks. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Snow-goddess, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Snow-goddess, sentence 32

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He landed and proposed marriage, but she made a betrothal with him by the exchange of the cloaks which they were wearing.

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**Who acts:** Hamakua, Aiwohikupua, cloaks · **What happens:** land, propose, make, wear, exchange · **To what, where:** marriage, betrothal, cloaks

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Snow-goddess. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hamakua, Aiwohikupua, cloaks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:12:32
# text = He landed and proposed marriage, but she made a betrothal with him by the exchange of the cloaks which they were wearing.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	landed	land	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	proposed	propose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	marriage	marriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	betrothal	betrothal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	cloaks	cloak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	wearing	wear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **land** | past | Hamakua |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **propose** | past | Hamakua *not said here* | marriage |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marriage=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | past | Aiwohikupua | a betrothal |  |  |  | with Hamakua; by the exchange of the cloaks | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent betrothal=Product |
| 4 | **wear** | past · progressive | the cloaks |  |  |  |  | betrothal *nsubj* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **exchange** |  |  | the cloaks |  |  |  |  | nom exchange «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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