---
title: There were sheltered places where gambling reigned, or open glades w… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: There were sheltered places where gambling reigned, or open glades where boxing and spear-throwing could best be practised, or coasts where the splendid surf made riding the waves on surf-boards a scene of intoxicating delight. Who acts: gambling, coasts. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Snow-goddess, sentence 59

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There were sheltered places where gambling reigned, or open glades where boxing and spear-throwing could best be practised, or coasts where the splendid surf made riding the waves on surf-boards a scene of intoxicating delight.

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**Who acts:** gambling, coasts · **What happens:** shelter, reign, practise, make, ride · **To what, where:** sheltered places, boxing, waves, surf boards

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Snow-goddess. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gambling, coasts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:12:59
# text = There were sheltered places where gambling reigned, or open glades where boxing and spear-throwing could best be practised, or coasts where the splendid surf made riding the waves on surf-boards a scene of intoxicating delight.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sheltered	shelter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
6	gambling	gambling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	reigned	reign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	glades	glade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
12	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	21	advmod	_	_
13	boxing	boxing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	throwing	throwing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
18	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
19	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	practised	practise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
24	coasts	coast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
25	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	29	advmod	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	splendid	splendid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	surf	surf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
30	riding	ride	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	xcomp	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
33	on	on	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	surf	surf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	boards	board	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	appos	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	intoxicating	intoxicating	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	delight	delight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shelter** | past · passive |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **reign** | past | gambling | sheltered places |  |  |  | open glades *obj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **practise** | could · passive |  | boxing and spear throwing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | past | coasts |  |  |  |  | the splendid surf *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 5 | **ride** | gerund | coasts *not said here* | the waves |  | surf boards |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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