---
title: There were gods, goddesses, and ghost-gods in the Pele family. — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: There were gods, goddesses, and ghost-gods in the Pele family. Who acts: gods. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Genealogy of the Pele Family, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Genealogy of the Pele Family, sentence 1

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There were gods, goddesses, and ghost-gods in the Pele family.

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**Who acts:** gods · **What happens:** be

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Genealogy of the Pele Family. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gods), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:13:1
# text = There were gods, goddesses, and ghost-gods in the Pele family.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	goddesses	goddess	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Pele	Pele	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | gods and goddesses |  |  | there |  | ghost gods in the Pele family *nsubj* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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