---
title: When Pele ceased chanting, winds without number began to come near,… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: When Pele ceased chanting, winds without number began to come near, scraping over the land. Who acts: Pele, winds. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele’s Long Sleep, sentence 135

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When Pele ceased chanting, winds without number began to come near, scraping over the land.

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**Who acts:** Pele, winds · **What happens:** cease, chant, begin, come, scrape · **To what, where:** land

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele, winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:14:135
# text = When Pele ceased chanting, winds without number began to come near, scraping over the land.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	Pele	Pele	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ceased	cease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
4	chanting	chant	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	near	near	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	scraping	scrape	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	advcl	_	_
15	over	over	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | past | Pele |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **chant** | gerund | Pele *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **begin** | past | winds without number |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **come** | to-infinitive | winds without number *not said here* |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **scrape** | gerund | winds without number *not said here* |  |  | the land |  |  | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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