---
title: She granted permission to Hiiaka to remain by the sea with her frien… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: She granted permission to Hiiaka to remain by the sea with her friend Hopoe, bathing and surf-riding until a messenger should be sent to call her home to Kilauea. Who acts: friend, messenger. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep, with its d
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele’s Long Sleep, sentence 204

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She granted permission to Hiiaka to remain by the sea with her friend Hopoe, bathing and surf-riding until a messenger should be sent to call her home to Kilauea.

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**Who acts:** friend, messenger · **What happens:** grant, remain, send, call · **To what, where:** permission, Hiiaka, messenger, home, Kilauea · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, messenger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:14:204
# text = She granted permission to Hiiaka to remain by the sea with her friend Hopoe, bathing and surf-riding until a messenger should be sent to call her home to Kilauea.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	granted	grant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Hiiaka	Hiiaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	Hopoe	Hopoe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	bathing	bathing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	surf	surf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	riding	riding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
21	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Kilauea	Kilauea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grant** | past | friend | permission | Hiiaka |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent permission=Theme to hiiaka=Goal |
| 2 | **remain** | to-infinitive | friend *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the sea; with friend's friend and bathing and surf riding | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by sea=Location |
| 3 | **send** | should · passive |  | a messenger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **call** | to-infinitive | a messenger *not said here* | friend's home | Kilauea |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent home=Topic to kilauea=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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