---
title: The chiefs were astonished, and after a long time asked her if she c… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The chiefs were astonished, and after a long time asked her if she came from the far-off sunrise of foreign lands. Who acts: chiefs, Silent. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele’s Long Sleep, sentence 59

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The chiefs were astonished, and after a long time asked her if she came from the far-off sunrise of foreign lands.

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**Who acts:** chiefs, Silent · **What happens:** be, ask, come · **To what, where:** Silent

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chiefs, Silent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:14:59
# text = The chiefs were astonished, and after a long time asked her if she came from the far-off sunrise of foreign lands.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	astonished	astonished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
11	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
18	far	far	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	off	off	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	sunrise	sunrise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the chiefs |  |  |  |  | astonished *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the chiefs *not said here* |  | Silent |  | time |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient |
| 3 | **come** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | Silent |  |  |  | sunrise |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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