---
title: Out from the fumes of the crater, echoing from hill to hill through… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Out from the fumes of the crater, echoing from hill to hill through Puna, rustling the leaves of the forest trees, that insistent voice came to the younger sister. Who acts: fumes, insistent voice, crater. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hopoe, the Danc
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, sentence 21

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Out from the fumes of the crater, echoing from hill to hill through Puna, rustling the leaves of the forest trees, that insistent voice came to the younger sister.

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**Who acts:** fumes, insistent voice, crater · **What happens:** echo, rustle, come, fume · **To what, where:** hill, leaves, fumes

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hopoe, the Dancing Stone. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fumes, insistent voice, crater), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:15:21
# text = Out from the fumes of the crater, echoing from hill to hill through Puna, rustling the leaves of the forest trees, that insistent voice came to the younger sister.
1	Out	out	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fumes	fume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	crater	crater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	echoing	echo	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Puna	Puna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	rustling	rustle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	conj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
26	insistent	insistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	32	amod	_	_
32	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **echo** | gerund | the fumes of the crater *not said here* |  |  | hill |  | to hill through Puna | vn sound\_existence-47.4 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rustle** | gerund | the fumes of the crater *not said here* | the leaves of the forest trees |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leaf=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past | that insistent voice |  |  |  |  | to the younger sister | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to sister=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **fume** |  | the crater |  |  |  |  |  | nom fume «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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