---
title: “Puna is shaking in the wind, Shaking is the hala grove of Keaau, Tu… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: “Puna is shaking in the wind, Shaking is the hala grove of Keaau, Tumbling are Haena and Hopoe, Moving is the land—moving is the sea.” Who acts: Puna, Shaking, sea, land. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, with its dependency tree
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, sentence 81

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“Puna is shaking in the wind, Shaking is the hala grove of Keaau, Tumbling are Haena and Hopoe, Moving is the land—moving is the sea.”

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**Who acts:** Puna, Shaking, sea, land · **What happens:** shake, be, tumble, move · **To what, where:** wind, hala grove, Haena, land, sea · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hopoe, the Dancing Stone. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Puna, Shaking, sea, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:15:81
# text = “Puna is shaking in the wind, Shaking is the hala grove of Keaau, Tumbling are Haena and Hopoe, Moving is the land—moving is the sea.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Puna	puna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	shaking	shake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	csubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	Shaking	Shaking	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	hala	hala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	grove	grove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Keaau	Keaau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Tumbling	tumble	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	Haena	Haena	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	Hopoe	Hopoe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	Moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	31	acl	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shake** *in a quote* | present · progressive | Puna |  |  | the wind |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wind=Location |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | Shaking | the hala grove |  |  |  | of Keaau | tree rules |
| 3 | **tumble** *in a quote* | gerund | Puna *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | Haena and Hopoe |  |  |  | Hopoe *conj* | tree rules |
| 5 | **move** *in a quote* | gerund | Puna *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | shaking | the land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **move** *in a quote* | gerund | the sea *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the land *not said here* | the sea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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