---
title: Every demon wind, every foul fiend dwelling in dangerous branches of… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Every demon wind, every foul fiend dwelling in dangerous branches of falling trees, every wicked gnome whirling clouds of dust or fog and wrapping them around a traveller, in fact every living thing which could in any way injure a traveller was his loyal subject. Who acts: foul fiend, wicked gnome, 
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 30

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Every demon wind, every foul fiend dwelling in dangerous branches of falling trees, every wicked gnome whirling clouds of dust or fog and wrapping them around a traveller, in fact every living thing which could in any way injure a traveller was his loyal subject.

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**Who acts:** foul fiend, wicked gnome, living thing · **What happens:** dwell, fall, whirl, wrap, injure, be · **To what, where:** dangerous branches, clouds, traveller, living thing, way, loyal subject

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foul fiend, wicked gnome, living thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:16:30
# text = Every demon wind, every foul fiend dwelling in dangerous branches of falling trees, every wicked gnome whirling clouds of dust or fog and wrapping them around a traveller, in fact every living thing which could in any way injure a traveller was his loyal subject.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	demon	demon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
6	foul	foul	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fiend	fiend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	dwelling	dwell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	amod	_	_
14	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
17	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	gnome	gnome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
19	whirling	whirl	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	wrapping	wrap	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	conj	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	around	around	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	traveller	traveller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	_
34	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	36	det	_	_
35	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nsubj	_	_
37	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	obj	_	_
38	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	41	det	_	_
41	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
42	injure	injure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	acl:relcl	_	_
43	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	traveller	traveller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	_
45	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	cop	_	_
46	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
47	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dwell** | gerund | every foul fiend *not said here* |  |  | dangerous branches of falling trees |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in branch=Location |
| 2 | **fall** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **whirl** | gerund | every wicked gnome *not said here* | clouds of dust or fog |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cloud=Theme |
| 4 | **wrap** | gerund | every wicked gnome *not said here* | clouds *= cloud* |  | a traveller |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme around traveller=Destination |
| 5 | **injure** | could |  | every living thing |  | any way |  | a traveller *obj* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is a** | past | every living thing | man's loyal subject |  | fact |  | man *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 8 | **cloud** |  |  | dust or fog |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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