---
title: Again she struggled bitterly against the multitude of foes, but she… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Again she struggled bitterly against the multitude of foes, but she was very, very tired and her arms sometimes refused to lift her knife and skirt. Who acts: road, arms. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, with its dependency t
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 77

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Again she struggled bitterly against the multitude of foes, but she was very, very tired and her arms sometimes refused to lift her knife and skirt.

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**Who acts:** road, arms · **What happens:** struggle, be, refuse, not lift · **To what, where:** knife

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (road, arms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:16:77
# text = Again she struggled bitterly against the multitude of foes, but she was very, very tired and her arms sometimes refused to lift her knife and skirt.
1	Again	again	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	struggled	struggle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	foes	foe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
21	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	22	advmod	_	_
22	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	skirt	skirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **struggle** | past | road |  |  |  | again | against the multitude of foes; bitterly *property* | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | road |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **refuse** | past | road's arms |  |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **lift** | to-infinitive | road's arms *not said here* | road's knife and skirt |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knife=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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