---
title: A troublesome journey is before us beyond the waters of Hilo and the… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: A troublesome journey is before us beyond the waters of Hilo and the kupuas [demons] dwelling there and along the hard paths over the cliffs of the seacoast even to the steady blowing winds of Kohala.” Who acts: troublesome journey, kupuas. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» b
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Hiiaka Found Wahine-omao, sentence 26

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A troublesome journey is before us beyond the waters of Hilo and the kupuas \[demons\] dwelling there and along the hard paths over the cliffs of the seacoast even to the steady blowing winds of Kohala.”

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**Who acts:** troublesome journey, kupuas · **What happens:** be, dwell, wind · **To what, where:** Kohala

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Hiiaka Found Wahine-omao. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (troublesome journey, kupuas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:17:26
# text = A troublesome journey is before us beyond the waters of Hilo and the kupuas [demons] dwelling there and along the hard paths over the cliffs of the seacoast even to the steady blowing winds of Kohala.”
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	troublesome	troublesome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
7	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Hilo	Hilo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	kupuas	kupua	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
15	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	demons	demon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
18	dwelling	dwell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
19	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	along	along	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	paths	path	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
25	over	over	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	seacoast	seacoast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	even	even	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
34	steady	steady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
35	blowing	blowing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Kohala	Kohala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	36	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a troublesome journey |  |  |  | before us | beyond the waters of Hilo and the kupuas and the hard paths over the cliffs of the seacoast | tree rules |
| 2 | **dwell** | gerund | the kupuas *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **wind** |  |  | Kohala |  |  |  |  | nom wind «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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