---
title: Hiiaka forbade this and explained that the offering must be taken as… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Hiiaka forbade this and explained that the offering must be taken as had been vowed. Who acts: Hiiaka. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Hiiaka Found Wahine-omao, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Hiiaka Found Wahine-omao, sentence 41

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Hiiaka forbade this and explained that the offering must be taken as had been vowed.

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**Who acts:** Hiiaka · **What happens:** forbid, explain, take, vow · **To what, where:** this, offering · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Hiiaka Found Wahine-omao. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:17:41
# text = Hiiaka forbade this and explained that the offering must be taken as had been vowed.
1	Hiiaka	Hiiaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	forbade	forbid	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	_
12	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	vowed	vow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forbid** | past | Hiiaka | this |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer this=Theme |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | Hiiaka *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **take** | must · passive |  | the offering |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **vow** | past · perfect · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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