---
title: She charged the girls to listen carefully while she told them about… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: She charged the girls to listen carefully while she told them about their father, saying: “You must not let tears fall or wailing tones come into your voices. Who acts: Hiiaka, You, tears, wailing tones. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka Catching a
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka Catching a Ghost, sentence 17

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She charged the girls to listen carefully while she told them about their father, saying: “You must not let tears fall or wailing tones come into your voices.

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**Who acts:** Hiiaka, You, tears, wailing tones · **What happens:** charge, listen, tell, say, not let, fall · **To what, where:** girls, tears, voices · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka Catching a Ghost. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka, You, tears, wailing tones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:18:17
# text = She charged the girls to listen carefully while she told them about their father, saying: “You must not let tears fall or wailing tones come into your voices.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	charged	charge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	listen	listen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	iobj	_	_
12	about	about	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
18	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
20	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
22	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	ccomp	_	_
23	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
24	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	wailing	wail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	27	amod	_	_
27	tones	tone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
28	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	voices	voice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **charge** | past | Hiiaka | the girls |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location girl=Theme |
| 2 | **listen** | to-infinitive | Hiiaka *not said here* |  |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Hiiaka |  | girls *= girl* |  |  | about girls's father | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent they=Recipient about father=Topic |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Hiiaka *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **not** **let** *in a quote* | must | You | tears |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **fall** *in a quote* | infinitive | tears *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **wail** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **come** *in a quote* | present | wailing tones |  |  | your voices |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into voice=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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