---
title: The islands for the first four hundred miles are large and mountaino… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The islands for the first four hundred miles are large and mountainous, but as the chain is followed toward the end, the islands quickly become mere bluffs rising out of the sea, or low coral islands which have been built on the rims of submerged volcanoes. Who acts: islands, mere bluffs. A sentence
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Hawaiian Islands, sentence 3

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The islands for the first four hundred miles are large and mountainous, but as the chain is followed toward the end, the islands quickly become mere bluffs rising out of the sea, or low coral islands which have been built on the rims of submerged volcanoes.

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**Who acts:** islands, mere bluffs · **What happens:** be, follow, become, rise, build, submerge · **To what, where:** end, mere bluffs, sea, low coral islands, rims

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Islands. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (islands, mere bluffs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:2:3
# text = The islands for the first four hundred miles are large and mountainous, but as the chain is followed toward the end, the islands quickly become mere bluffs rising out of the sea, or low coral islands which have been built on the rims of submerged volcanoes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
6	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	compound	_	_
7	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	mountainous	mountainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	chain	chain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	followed	follow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
20	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
26	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
28	mere	mere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	bluffs	bluff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	xcomp	_	_
30	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	acl	_	_
31	out	out	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
37	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
38	coral	coral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
40	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	43	nsubj:pass	_	_
41	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
42	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	43	aux:pass	_	_
43	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	acl:relcl	_	_
44	on	on	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	rims	rim	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obl	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	submerged	submerge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	49	amod	_	_
49	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the islands for the first hundred miles |  |  |  |  | large *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the islands for the first hundred miles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **follow** | present · passive | the islands for the first hundred miles *not said here* |  |  |  | toward the end | as the chain | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: toward end=Trajectory |
| 4 | **become** | present | the islands | mere bluffs or low coral islands |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **rise** | gerund | mere bluffs or low coral islands *not said here* |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent out sea=Location |
| 6 | **build** | present · perfect · passive |  | low coral islands |  | the rims of submerged volcanoes |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on rim=Source |
| 7 | **submerge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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