--- title: The early Hawaiians incorporated in their legends various theories t… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics description: The early Hawaiians incorporated in their legends various theories to explain these great phenomena of nature, many of which are included in this volume, especially those legends which cluster around Pele, the great goddess of fire, and Hiiaka, her sister, goddess of lightning. Who acts: Hiiaka. A s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/2/37/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mytholo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/) / [The Hawaiian Islands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/2/) / 37 # Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Hawaiian Islands, sentence 37 The early Hawaiians incorporated in their legends various theories to explain these great phenomena of nature, many of which are included in this volume, especially those legends which cluster around Pele, the great goddess of fire, and Hiiaka, her sister, goddess of lightning. **Who acts:** Hiiaka · **What happens:** incorporate, explain, include, goddess · **To what, where:** early Hawaiians, legends, great phenomena, many, volume This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Islands. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66516:2:37 # text = The early Hawaiians incorporated in their legends various theories to explain these great phenomena of nature, many of which are included in this volume, especially those legends which cluster around Pele, the great goddess of fire, and Hiiaka, her sister, goddess of lightning. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 early early ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 Hawaiians Hawaiian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 incorporated incorporate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 legends legend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 8 various various ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 theories theory NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 explain explain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 acl _ _ 12 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 14 det _ _ 13 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 phenomena phenomena NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 nature nature NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 nsubj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nmod _ _ 21 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux:pass _ _ 22 included include VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 det _ _ 25 volume volume NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 especially especially ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 28 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 29 det _ _ 29 legends legend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 conj _ _ 30 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 31 det _ _ 31 cluster cluster NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 appos _ _ 32 around around ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Pele Pele PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 goddess goddess NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 42 Hiiaka Hiiaka PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 sister sister NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 47 goddess goddess NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 48 of of ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 lightning lightning NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 50 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **incorporate** | participle · passive | | the early Hawaiians | | Hawaiians's legends and various theories | | | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | | this great phenomena of nature | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent phenomena=Topic | | 3 | **include** | present · passive | | many | | | | in this volume and that legends *goal* | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: subject=Theme in volume=Goal | | 4 | **goddess** | | Hiiaka | | | | | of lightning | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/2/36/) - next →: [sentence 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/2/38/) - ↑ back to [The Hawaiian Islands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/2/)