---
title: Hiiaka chanted to Lohiau, telling him they would save him. — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Hiiaka chanted to Lohiau, telling him they would save him. Who acts: Hiiaka, hills. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 112

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Hiiaka chanted to Lohiau, telling him they would save him.

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**Who acts:** Hiiaka, hills · **What happens:** chant, tell, save · **To what, where:** Lohiau, voice · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka, hills), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:112
# text = Hiiaka chanted to Lohiau, telling him they would save him.
1	Hiiaka	Hiiaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chanted	chant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Lohiau	Lohiau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chant** | past | Hiiaka |  | Lohiau |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to lohiau=Recipient |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | Hiiaka *not said here* |  | voice |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **save** *not said to happen* | would | hills *= hill* | voice |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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