---
title: Hiiaka ordered the dragons to prepare her way, but they refused. — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Hiiaka ordered the dragons to prepare her way, but they refused. Who acts: Hiiaka, dragons. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 12

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Hiiaka ordered the dragons to prepare her way, but they refused.

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**Who acts:** Hiiaka, dragons · **What happens:** order, prepare, refuse · **To what, where:** dragons, way

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka, dragons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:12
# text = Hiiaka ordered the dragons to prepare her way, but they refused.
1	Hiiaka	Hiiaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dragons	dragon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	prepare	prepare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **order** | past | Hiiaka |  | the dragons |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent dragon=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **prepare** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Hiiaka *not said here* | other's way |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient |
| 3 | **refuse** | past | dragons *= dragon* |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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