---
title: But all kinds of ferns were leaping up rapidly around the place wher… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: But all kinds of ferns were leaping up rapidly around the place where the dragons renewed the fight. Who acts: kinds, dragons. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 135

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But all kinds of ferns were leaping up rapidly around the place where the dragons renewed the fight.

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**Who acts:** kinds, dragons · **What happens:** leap up, renew · **To what, where:** place, fight

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kinds, dragons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:135
# text = But all kinds of ferns were leaping up rapidly around the place where the dragons renewed the fight.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	ferns	fern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	leaping	leap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	around	around	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	16	advmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	dragons	dragon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	renewed	renew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap up** | past · progressive | all kinds of ferns |  |  | the place |  | rapidly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around place=Trajectory |
| 2 | **renew** | past | the dragons | the fight |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fight=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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