---
title: At the place where the people crossed the river were two things whic… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: At the place where the people crossed the river were two things which looked like large, flat logs tossing in the water. Who acts: people, river, two things, large flat logs. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 2

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At the place where the people crossed the river were two things which looked like large, flat logs tossing in the water.

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**Who acts:** people, river, two things, large flat logs · **What happens:** cross, be, look, toss · **To what, where:** place, two things, water

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, river, two things, large flat logs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:2
# text = At the place where the people crossed the river were two things which looked like large, flat logs tossing in the water.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	parataxis	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	logs	log	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	tossing	toss	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	acl	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | past | the people |  |  | the place |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the river | two things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **look** | past | two things |  |  |  |  | like large flat logs | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **toss** | gerund | large flat logs *not said here* |  |  | the water |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in water=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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