---
title: Lono-makua kindled fires all around Lohiau, but for a long time refr… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Lono-makua kindled fires all around Lohiau, but for a long time refrained from attacking him. Who acts: Lono makua. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 217

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Lono-makua kindled fires all around Lohiau, but for a long time refrained from attacking him.

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**Who acts:** Lono makua · **What happens:** kindle, refrain, attack · **To what, where:** fires, Lohiau, fire

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lono makua), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:217
# text = Lono-makua kindled fires all around Lohiau, but for a long time refrained from attacking him.
1	Lono	Lono	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	makua	makua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	all	all	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Lohiau	Lohiau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
15	refrained	refrain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
16	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	attacking	attack	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | past | Lono makua | fires |  | Lohiau |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fire=Patient |
| 2 | **refrain** | participle | Lono makua *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **attack** | gerund | Lono makua *not said here* | fire |  |  |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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