---
title: Any person wishing to cross the river would lay fish, sweet potatoes… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Any person wishing to cross the river would lay fish, sweet potatoes, and other kinds of food on the logs. Who acts: person. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 3

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Any person wishing to cross the river would lay fish, sweet potatoes, and other kinds of food on the logs.

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**Who acts:** person · **What happens:** wish, cross, lay · **To what, where:** river, fish

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:3
# text = Any person wishing to cross the river would lay fish, sweet potatoes, and other kinds of food on the logs.
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	wishing	wish	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	logs	log	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | gerund | any person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **cross** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | any person *not said here* | the river |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient |
| 3 | **lay** | would | any person | fish and sweet potatoes |  |  |  | other kinds of food on the logs *obl* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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