---
title: A host of destructive forces, swift as lightning, left the pit of fi… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: A host of destructive forces, swift as lightning, left the pit of fire to aid Hiiaka. Who acts: host. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 53

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A host of destructive forces, swift as lightning, left the pit of fire to aid Hiiaka.

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**Who acts:** host · **What happens:** leave, aid · **To what, where:** pit, Hiiaka

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (host), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:53
# text = A host of destructive forces, swift as lightning, left the pit of fire to aid Hiiaka.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	destructive	destructive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	swift	swift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	aid	aid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
18	Hiiaka	Hiiaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | a host of destructive forces | the pit of fire |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pit=Theme |
| 2 | **aid** | to-infinitive | a host of destructive forces *not said here* |  | Hiiaka |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hiiaka=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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