---
title: When the battle seemed to be going against her, suddenly the Ho-ai-k… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: When the battle seemed to be going against her, suddenly the Ho-ai-ku men and the Ho-ai-ka women, the destructive gnomes from the crater, broke in a storm upon Moo-lau and his demons. Who acts: battle. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho, with
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 57

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When the battle seemed to be going against her, suddenly the Ho-ai-ku men and the Ho-ai-ka women, the destructive gnomes from the crater, broke in a storm upon Moo-lau and his demons.

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**Who acts:** battle · **What happens:** seem, go, break · **To what, where:** Ho ku men, storm

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (battle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:20:57
# text = When the battle seemed to be going against her, suddenly the Ho-ai-ku men and the Ho-ai-ka women, the destructive gnomes from the crater, broke in a storm upon Moo-lau and his demons.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux	_	_
7	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	xcomp	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
11	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
13	Ho	Ho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	ai	ai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	ku	ku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
21	Ho	Ho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	ai	ai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	ka	ka	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	23	conj	_	_
26	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	destructive	destructive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	gnomes	gnome	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	crater	crater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
39	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
40	Moo	moo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	lau	lau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
44	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	45	nmod:poss	_	_
45	demons	demon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	35	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | the battle |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **go** | to-infinitive · progressive | the battle *not said here* | the Ho ku men and the Ho ai women and the destructive gnomes from the crater |  |  |  | against Hiiaka | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme against she=Location |
| 3 | **break** | past |  |  |  | a storm upon Moo lau and LAU's demons |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in storm=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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