---
title: The darkness was the more terrific, being made visible by an awful g… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The darkness was the more terrific, being made visible by an awful glare from streams of red and blue light variously combined that issued from the pit below, and being lit up at intervals by the intense flashes of lightning from above. Who acts: darkness, awful glare, streams, intense flashes. A se
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 41

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The darkness was the more terrific, being made visible by an awful glare from streams of red and blue light variously combined that issued from the pit below, and being lit up at intervals by the intense flashes of lightning from above.

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**Who acts:** darkness, awful glare, streams, intense flashes, lightning · **What happens:** be, make, combine, issue, lit up, flash · **To what, where:** pit, intervals

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darkness, awful glare, streams, intense flashes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:21:41
# text = The darkness was the more terrific, being made visible by an awful glare from streams of red and blue light variously combined that issued from the pit below, and being lit up at intervals by the intense flashes of lightning from above.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
6	terrific	terrific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
10	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	awful	awful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	glare	glare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	streams	stream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	_
21	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
22	variously	variously	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	combined	combine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
24	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	xcomp	_	_
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	below	below	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	_
34	up	up	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
35	at	at	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	intervals	interval	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
37	by	by	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	intense	intense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	flashes	flash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
43	from	from	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	above	above	ADV	RB	_	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the darkness |  |  |  |  | terrific *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund · passive | a awful glare from streams |  |  |  |  | visible *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **combine** | past | streams *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of red light; variously *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **issue** | participle | streams *not said here* |  |  | the pit |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **lit up** | gerund · passive | the intense flashes of lightning |  |  | intervals |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **flash** |  | lightning |  |  |  |  |  | nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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