---
title: On their return, they found their deceased friends as they had left… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: On their return, they found their deceased friends as they had left them, entire and exhibiting no other marks of decay than a sunken hollowness in their eyes; the rest of their bodies was in a state of entire preservation. Who acts: followers, rest. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (myt
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 53

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On their return, they found their deceased friends as they had left them, entire and exhibiting no other marks of decay than a sunken hollowness in their eyes; the rest of their bodies was in a state of entire preservation.

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**Who acts:** followers, rest · **What happens:** find, decease, leave, exhibit, be, return · **To what, where:** deceased friends, return, friends, other marks, state, decay

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (followers, rest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:21:53
# text = On their return, they found their deceased friends as they had left them, entire and exhibiting no other marks of decay than a sunken hollowness in their eyes; the rest of their bodies was in a state of entire preservation.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	deceased	decease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	entire	entire	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	exhibiting	exhibit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
19	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	21	det	_	_
20	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	decay	decay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	than	than	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	sunken	sunken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	hollowness	hollowness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nsubj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	entire	entire	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | followers *= follower* | followers's deceased friends |  | followers's return |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Topic |
| 2 | **decease** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn die-42.4 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **leave** | past · perfect | followers *= follower* | friends *= friend* |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 4 | **exhibit** | gerund | followers *= follower* *not said here* | no other marks of decay than a sunken hollowness in followers's eyes |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | the rest of followers's bodies |  |  | a state |  | of entire preservation | tree rules |
| 6 | **return** |  | followers *= follower* |  |  |  |  |  | nom return «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 7 | **mark** |  |  | decay than a sunken hollowness in followers's eyes |  |  |  |  | nom mark «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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