---
title: Several coconut [20] groves had been destroyed, and lava land was bu… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Several coconut [20] groves had been destroyed, and lava land was built out into the sea. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Destruction of Kamehameha’s Fish-ponds, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Destruction of Kamehameha’s Fish-ponds, sentence 25

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Several coconut \[20\] groves had been destroyed, and lava land was built out into the sea.

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**What happens:** destroy, build out · **To what, where:** Several coconut, lava land, sea

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Destruction of Kamehameha’s Fish-ponds. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:22:25
# text = Several coconut [20] groves had been destroyed, and lava land was built out into the sea.
1	Several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	coconut	coconut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	groves	grove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **destroy** | past · perfect · passive |  | Several coconut and 20 groves |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **build out** | past · passive |  | lava land |  | the sea |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into sea=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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