--- title: As the morning light brought a wonderful view of the Lua Pele (The-p… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics description: As the morning light brought a wonderful view of the Lua Pele (The-pit-of-Pele) with its great masses of steam and smoke rising from the immense field of volcanic activity below, and as the rush of mighty waves of lava broke again and again against the black ledge with a roar exceeding that of a sto --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/23/82/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mytholo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/) / [Kapiolani and Pele](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/23/) / 82 # Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Kapiolani and Pele, sentence 82 As the morning light brought a wonderful view of the Lua Pele (The-pit-of-Pele) with its great masses of steam and smoke rising from the immense field of volcanic activity below, and as the rush of mighty waves of lava broke again and again against the black ledge with a roar exceeding that of a storm-driven surf beating upon rocky shores, and as fierce explosions of gases bursting from the underworld in a continual cannonade, deafened the ears of the company, Kapiolani prepared to go down to defy Pele. **Who acts:** morning light, smoke, roar, driven surf, gases, Kapiolani · **What happens:** bring, rise, break, exceed, drive, beat · **To what, where:** wonderful view, immense field, black ledge, roar, rocky shores, underworld This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Kapiolani and Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (morning light, smoke, roar, driven surf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66516:23:82 # text = As the morning light brought a wonderful view of the Lua Pele (The-pit-of-Pele) with its great masses of steam and smoke rising from the immense field of volcanic activity below, and as the rush of mighty waves of lava broke again and again against the black ledge with a roar exceeding that of a storm-driven surf beating upon rocky shores, and as fierce explosions of gases bursting from the underworld in a continual cannonade, deafened the ears of the company, Kapiolani prepared to go down to defy Pele. 1 As as SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 wonderful wonderful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 view view NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 Lua Lua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 Pele Pele PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 13 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 16 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 14 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ SpaceAfter=No 15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 pit pit NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 17 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 20 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ SpaceAfter=No 19 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 18 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 20 Pele Pele PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 21 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 16 punct _ _ 22 with with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 24 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 masses mass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 steam steam NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 smoke smoke NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 30 rising rise VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 29 acl _ _ 31 from from ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 immense immense ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 volcanic volcanic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 activity activity NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 below below ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 41 as as ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 rush rush NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 44 of of ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 45 mighty mighty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 waves wave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 nmod _ _ 47 of of ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 lava lava NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nmod _ _ 49 broke break VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 50 again again ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 52 again again ADV RB _ 50 conj _ _ 53 against against ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 55 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 56 amod _ _ 56 ledge ledge NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 57 with with ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 58 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 59 det _ _ 59 roar roar NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 nmod _ _ 60 exceeding exceed VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 59 acl _ _ 61 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 60 obj _ _ 62 of of ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 63 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 67 det _ _ 64 storm storm NOUN NN Number=Sing 66 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 65 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 64 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 66 driven drive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 67 amod _ _ 67 surf surf NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 nmod _ _ 68 beating beat VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 67 acl _ _ 69 upon upon ADP IN _ 71 case _ _ 70 rocky rocky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 71 amod _ _ 71 shores shore NOUN NNS Number=Plur 68 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 72 , , PUNCT , _ 88 punct _ _ 73 and and CCONJ CC _ 88 cc _ _ 74 as as ADP IN _ 76 case _ _ 75 fierce fierce ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 76 amod _ _ 76 explosions explosion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 88 obl _ _ 77 of of ADP IN _ 78 case _ _ 78 gases gas NOUN NNS Number=Plur 76 nmod _ _ 79 bursting burst VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 78 acl _ _ 80 from from ADP IN _ 82 case _ _ 81 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 82 det _ _ 82 underworld underworld NOUN NN Number=Sing 79 obl _ _ 83 in in ADP IN _ 86 case _ _ 84 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 86 det _ _ 85 continual continual ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 86 amod _ _ 86 cannonade cannonade NOUN NN Number=Sing 79 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 87 , , PUNCT , _ 76 punct _ _ 88 deafened deafen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 conj _ _ 89 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 90 det _ _ 90 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 88 obj _ _ 91 of of ADP IN _ 93 case _ _ 92 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 93 det _ _ 93 company company NOUN NN Number=Sing 90 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 94 , , PUNCT , _ 96 punct _ _ 95 Kapiolani Kapiolani PROPN NNP Number=Sing 96 nsubj _ _ 96 prepared prepare VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 88 conj _ _ 97 to to PART TO _ 98 mark _ _ 98 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 96 xcomp _ _ 99 down down ADV RB _ 98 advmod _ _ 100 to to PART TO _ 101 mark _ _ 101 defy defy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 98 advcl _ _ 102 Pele Pele PROPN NNP Number=Sing 101 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 103 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bring** | past | the morning light | a wonderful view of the Lua Pele | | | | with light's great masses of steam and smoke | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent view=Theme | | 2 | **rise** | gerund | smoke *not said here* | | | the immense field of volcanic activity | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from field=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **break** | past | | | | the black ledge with a roar | again; again | as the rush of mighty waves of lava | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against ledge=Location | | 4 | **exceed** | gerund | a roar *not said here* | a roar | | | | | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot that=Theme | | 5 | **drive** | participle | | | | | | storm *compound* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **beat** | gerund | a driven surf *not said here* | | | rocky shores | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon shore=Location | | 7 | **burst** | gerund | gases *not said here* | | | the underworld | | in a continual cannonade | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cannonade=Location | | 8 | **deafen** | past | | the ears of the company | | | | as fierce explosions of gases | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent ear=Patient | | 9 | **prepare** | past | Kapiolani | | | | | | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute | | 10 | **go down** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Kapiolani *not said here* | | | | | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 11 | **defy** | to-infinitive | Kapiolani *not said here* | Pele | | | | | tree rules | | 12 | **view** | | | the Lua Pele | | | | with light's great masses of steam and smoke | nom view «cognition transitive»: of=patient with=obl | | 13 | **rush** | | | mighty waves of lava | | | | | nom rush «act transitive»: of=patient | | 14 | **wave** | | | lava | | | | | nom wave «event transitive»: of=patient | | 15 | **explode** | | | gases | | | | | nom explosion «event transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 81](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/23/81/) - next →: [sentence 83](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/23/83/) - ↑ back to [Kapiolani and Pele](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/23/)