---
title: They also have crater cones and sometimes lava flows of small extent… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: They also have crater cones and sometimes lava flows of small extent on the floor left by the great eruption. Who acts: craters, small extent. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hawaiian Volcanoes, sentence 15

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They also have crater cones and sometimes lava flows of small extent on the floor left by the great eruption.

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**Who acts:** craters, small extent · **What happens:** have, leave, flow · **To what, where:** crater cones, floor

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (craters, small extent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:26:15
# text = They also have crater cones and sometimes lava flows of small extent on the floor left by the great eruption.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	crater	crater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	cones	cone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	_
8	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	flows	flow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	extent	extent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	eruption	eruption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | craters *= crater* | crater cones and lava flows of small extent on the floor |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cone=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** | participle |  | the floor *not said here* |  |  |  | by the great eruption | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by eruption=Location |
| 3 | **flow** |  | small extent on the floor |  |  |  |  |  | nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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