---
title: A gradual ascent by rail and motor-car for about thirty miles brings… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: A gradual ascent by rail and motor-car for about thirty miles brings the visitor to a flat region miles in extent and sparsely covered with giant ferns [23] and shrubs and gray-leaved trees with fringed red balls of flowers. Who acts: gradual ascent. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (myt
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hawaiian Volcanoes, sentence 33

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A gradual ascent by rail and motor-car for about thirty miles brings the visitor to a flat region miles in extent and sparsely covered with giant ferns \[23\] and shrubs and gray-leaved trees with fringed red balls of flowers.

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**Who acts:** gradual ascent · **What happens:** bring, cover, fringe · **To what, where:** visitor

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gradual ascent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:26:33
# text = A gradual ascent by rail and motor-car for about thirty miles brings the visitor to a flat region miles in extent and sparsely covered with giant ferns [23] and shrubs and gray-leaved trees with fringed red balls of flowers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gradual	gradual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	ascent	ascent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	rail	rail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	about	about	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	thirty	thirty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
14	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	visitor	visitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	extent	extent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	sparsely	sparsely	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	ferns	fern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
30	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	23	23	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	29	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	shrubs	shrub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
36	gray	gray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	leaved	leaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
40	with	with	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	fringed	fringe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	43	amod	_	_
42	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | a gradual ascent by rail and motor car for thirty miles | the visitor |  |  |  | to a flat region miles in extent | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent visitor=Theme to mile=Destination |
| 2 | **cover** | participle | a gradual ascent by rail and motor car for thirty miles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with giant ferns and shrubs and gray leaved trees; with fringed red balls of flowers; sparsely *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with fern=Theme |
| 3 | **fringe** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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