---
title: The glossy part is real volcanic glass shining on the surface becaus… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The glossy part is real volcanic glass shining on the surface because the silica which is used in making glass rises to the top of the cooling lava. Who acts: glossy part, real volcanic glass, silica. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes, 
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hawaiian Volcanoes, sentence 49

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The glossy part is real volcanic glass shining on the surface because the silica which is used in making glass rises to the top of the cooling lava.

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**Who acts:** glossy part, real volcanic glass, silica · **What happens:** be, shine, use, make, rise · **To what, where:** real volcanic glass, surface, silica, glass, top

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (glossy part, real volcanic glass, silica), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:26:49
# text = The glossy part is real volcanic glass shining on the surface because the silica which is used in making glass rises to the top of the cooling lava.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	glossy	glossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	silica	silica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
20	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	cooling	cooling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the glossy part | real volcanic glass |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shine** | gerund | real volcanic glass *not said here* |  |  | the surface |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on surface=Location |
| 3 | **use** | present · passive |  | the silica |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **make** | gerund |  | glass |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset glass=Product |
| 5 | **rise** | present | the silica |  |  | the top of the cooling lava |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to top=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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