---
title: In a little note-book in Hilo is a record which from time to time ha… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: In a little note-book in Hilo is a record which from time to time has been studied and copied frequently by visiting scientists. Who acts: Hilo. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 1

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In a little note-book in Hilo is a record which from time to time has been studied and copied frequently by visiting scientists.

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**Who acts:** Hilo · **What happens:** be, study, copy, visit · **To what, where:** record, scientists, little note book

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hilo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:27:1
# text = In a little note-book in Hilo is a record which from time to time has been studied and copied frequently by visiting scientists.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
4	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	Hilo	Hilo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	studied	study	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl:relcl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	copied	copy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	conj	_	_
22	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
24	visiting	visit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
25	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Hilo |  |  | a record |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **study** | present · perfect · passive |  | a record |  |  | time |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: which=Topic |
| 3 | **copy** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | frequently *property* | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **visit** | gerund |  | scientists |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scientist=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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