---
title: A sudden eruption from Mauna Loa, no forewarning, a spray of red lav… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: A sudden eruption from Mauna Loa, no forewarning, a spray of red lava thrown high in the air, followed by a great stream of smoke rising up thousands of feet. Who acts: smoke. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity, with its dependency tree a
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/18/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mytholo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/) / [Volcanic Activity](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/) / 18

# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 18

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sudden eruption from Mauna Loa, no forewarning, a spray of red lava thrown high in the air, followed by a great stream of smoke rising up thousands of feet.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** smoke · **What happens:** throw, follow, rise up · **To what, where:** red lava, air, thousands, sudden eruption

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:27:18
# text = A sudden eruption from Mauna Loa, no forewarning, a spray of red lava thrown high in the air, followed by a great stream of smoke rising up thousands of feet.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	eruption	eruption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	Loa	Loa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	forewarning	forewarning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	spray	spray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	followed	follow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	acl	_	_
30	up	up	ADP	RP	_	29	compound:prt	_	_
31	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | participle |  | red lava *not said here* |  | the air |  | high *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in air=Destination |
| 2 | **follow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by a great stream of smoke | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by stream=Location |
| 3 | **rise up** | gerund | smoke *not said here* | thousands of feet |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thousand=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/17/)
- next →: [sentence 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/19/)
- ↑ back to [Volcanic Activity](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/)