---
title: Mr. H. M. Whitney, editor of the Advertiser, says that “the number o… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Mr. H. M. Whitney, editor of the Advertiser, says that “the number of shocks which occurred at Waiohinu from March 29 to April 10 was estimated at upwards of two thousand. Who acts: H., shocks. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity, with its
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 25

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Mr. H. M. Whitney, editor of the Advertiser, says that “the number of shocks which occurred at Waiohinu from March 29 to April 10 was estimated at upwards of two thousand.

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**Who acts:** H., shocks · **What happens:** say, occur, estimate · **To what, where:** Waiohinu, number, upwards · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (H., shocks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:27:25
# text = Mr. H. M. Whitney, editor of the Advertiser, says that “the number of shocks which occurred at Waiohinu from March 29 to April 10 was estimated at upwards of two thousand.
1	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:desc	_	_
2	H.	H.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	M.	M.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	Whitney	Whitney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	editor	editor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Advertiser	Advertiser	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
13	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	shocks	shock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	occurred	occur	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Waiohinu	Waiohinu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	March	March	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	29	29	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	nmod:unmarked	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	April	April	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod:unmarked	_	_
27	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	obl	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	ccomp	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	upwards	upward	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	34	compound	_	_
34	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | H.  Mr. |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **occur** *in a quote* | past | shocks |  |  | Waiohinu | march | to 10  April | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at waiohinu=Location |
| 3 | **estimate** *in a quote* | past · passive |  | the number of shocks |  | upwards of two thousand |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: subject=Attribute at upward=Value |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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