---
title: The lava, starting from the slope of Mauna Loa, sank into some great… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The lava, starting from the slope of Mauna Loa, sank into some great channel but “burst forth with a heavy roar several miles farther down. Who acts: lava. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 33

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The lava, starting from the slope of Mauna Loa, sank into some great channel but “burst forth with a heavy roar several miles farther down.

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**Who acts:** lava · **What happens:** start, sink, burst · **To what, where:** slope, great channel

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lava), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:27:33
# text = The lava, starting from the slope of Mauna Loa, sank into some great channel but “burst forth with a heavy roar several miles farther down.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	starting	start	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	slope	slope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	Loa	Loa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
15	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	channel	channel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	burst	burst	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
20	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	roar	roar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl:unmarked	_	_
27	farther	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	28	advmod	_	_
28	down	down	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | gerund | the lava *not said here* |  |  | the slope of Mauna |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **sink** | past | the lava |  |  | some great channel |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **burst** *in a quote* | infinitive | the lava *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a heavy roar; down, forth *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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