---
title: This august glow was described by members of the “Challenger” expedi… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: This august glow was described by members of the “Challenger” expedition as “a globular cloud perpetually reformed by condensation, having a brilliant orange glow at night as if a fire were raging in the distance.” Who acts: members, fire. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 51

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This august glow was described by members of the “Challenger” expedition as “a globular cloud perpetually reformed by condensation, having a brilliant orange glow at night as if a fire were raging in the distance.”

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**Who acts:** members, fire · **What happens:** describe, reform, have, rage · **To what, where:** august glow, globular cloud, brilliant orange glow · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (members, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:27:51
# text = This august glow was described by members of the “Challenger” expedition as “a globular cloud perpetually reformed by condensation, having a brilliant orange glow at night as if a fire were raging in the distance.”
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	august	august	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	described	describe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Challenger	Challenger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	expedition	expedition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	globular	globular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
19	perpetually	perpetually	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	reformed	reform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	condensation	condensation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
26	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
27	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	at	at	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
31	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
32	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
35	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	raging	rage	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | past · passive | members of the Challenger expedition as a globular cloud | this august glow |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent subject=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **reform** *in a quote* | participle |  | a globular cloud *not said here* |  |  |  | by condensation; perpetually *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **have** *in a quote* | gerund |  | a brilliant orange glow |  |  | night |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glow=Patient |
| 4 | **rage** *in a quote* | past · progressive | a fire |  |  |  |  | in the distance | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in distance=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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