--- title: Concerning Pele the natives said, “Kirauea had been burning ever sin… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics description: Concerning Pele the natives said, “Kirauea had been burning ever since the islands had emerged from night, but it was not inhabited till after the ‘Tai a ka Hina rii,’ the sea or deluge of Hina the chief.” Who acts: natives, Kirauea. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mytholo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/) / [Changes in Kilauea Crater](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/) / 19 # Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Changes in Kilauea Crater, sentence 19 Concerning Pele the natives said, “Kirauea had been burning ever since the islands had emerged from night, but it was not inhabited till after the ‘Tai a ka Hina rii,’ the sea or deluge of Hina the chief.” **Who acts:** natives, Kirauea · **What happens:** concern, say, burn, emerge, not inhabit · **To what, where:** islands, part · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natives, Kirauea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66516:28:19 # text = Concerning Pele the natives said, “Kirauea had been burning ever since the islands had emerged from night, but it was not inhabited till after the ‘Tai a ka Hina rii,’ the sea or deluge of Hina the chief.” 1 Concerning concern VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 case _ _ 2 Pele Pele PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 natives native NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 7 “ " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 8 Kirauea Kirauea PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 9 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 10 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 11 aux _ _ 11 burning burn VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 ccomp _ _ 12 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 11 advmod _ _ 13 since since SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 islands island NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj:pass _ _ 16 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 emerged emerge VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 advcl _ _ 18 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux:pass _ _ 24 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 25 inhabited inhabit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 26 till till ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 27 after after ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 30 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 30 Tai Tai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 32 ka ka X FW Foreign=Yes 34 dep _ _ 33 Hina Hina PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 rii rii NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 38 punct _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 39 or or CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 40 deluge deluge NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 Hina Hina PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 46 ” " PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **concern** | gerund | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the natives | | | | | concern Pele | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **burn** *in a quote* | past · perfect · progressive | Kirauea | | | | ever | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | | 4 | **emerge** *in a quote* | past · perfect · passive | | the islands | | | night | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 5 | **not** **inhabit** *in a quote* | past · passive | | part | | | till the Tai | the sea of Hina or deluge *obl*; the chief *obj* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/18/) - next →: [sentence 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/20/) - ↑ back to [Changes in Kilauea Crater](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/)