---
title: Now, the fire-pit is but a little over a quarter of a mile in diamet… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Now, the fire-pit is but a little over a quarter of a mile in diameter, and yet it has the same form of black ledge which had been built up in the great crater so many years before. Who acts: fire pit, diameter. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes i
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Changes in Kilauea Crater, sentence 30

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now, the fire-pit is but a little over a quarter of a mile in diameter, and yet it has the same form of black ledge which had been built up in the great crater so many years before.

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**Who acts:** fire pit, diameter · **What happens:** be, have, build up, form · **To what, where:** quarter, same form, black ledge, great crater

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire pit, diameter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:28:30
# text = Now, the fire-pit is but a little over a quarter of a mile in diameter, and yet it has the same form of black ledge which had been built up in the great crater so many years before.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	quarter	quarter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	mile	mile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	diameter	diameter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	ledge	ledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
32	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	acl:relcl	_	_
34	up	up	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	crater	crater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
39	so	so	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
40	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl:unmarked	_	_
42	before	before	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the fire pit |  |  | a quarter | now | of a mile in diameter; a little *obl:unmarked* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | diameter | the same form of black ledge |  |  | yet |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient |
| 3 | **build up** | past · perfect · passive |  | black ledge |  | the great crater | year |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **form** |  |  | black ledge |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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