---
title: Kilauea is a mountain a little over 4,000 feet in altitude, closely… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Kilauea is a mountain a little over 4,000 feet in altitude, closely connected with Mauna Loa, which is about 13,000 feet in altitude. Who acts: Kilauea, Mauna. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater, with its dependency tree and the p
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Changes in Kilauea Crater, sentence 4

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Kilauea is a mountain a little over 4,000 feet in altitude, closely connected with Mauna Loa, which is about 13,000 feet in altitude.

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**Who acts:** Kilauea, Mauna · **What happens:** be, connect · **To what, where:** mountain, altitude, 13,000 feet

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kilauea, Mauna), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:28:4
# text = Kilauea is a mountain a little over 4,000 feet in altitude, closely connected with Mauna Loa, which is about 13,000 feet in altitude.
1	Kilauea	Kilauea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	over	over	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	4,000	4,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	altitude	altitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	closely	closely	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	connected	connect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Mauna	Mauna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	Loa	Loa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	about	about	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	13,000	13,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
23	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	altitude	altitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Kilauea | a mountain |  |  |  | a little 4,000 feet in altitude *nmod* | tree rules |
| 2 | **connect** | participle |  | altitude *not said here* |  |  |  | with Mauna and 13,000 feet; closely *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with mauna=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Mauna and 13,000 feet | 13,000 feet |  | altitude |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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