---
title: This tract is on the edge of the cliff directly opposite the grounds… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: This tract is on the edge of the cliff directly opposite the grounds of the Volcano House on the south side of the Puna-Kau road. Who acts: tract. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Foundation of the Observatory, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Foundation of the Observatory, sentence 81

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This tract is on the edge of the cliff directly opposite the grounds of the Volcano House on the south side of the Puna-Kau road.

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**Who acts:** tract · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** edge

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Foundation of the Observatory. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tract), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:29:81
# text = This tract is on the edge of the cliff directly opposite the grounds of the Volcano House on the south side of the Puna-Kau road.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	tract	tract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	opposite	opposite	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	grounds	grounds	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	6	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Volcano	Volcano	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	House	House	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	south	South	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
24	Puna	Puna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	Kau	Kau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this tract |  |  | the edge |  | of the cliff; opposite the grounds of the Volcano House on the south side of the Kau road | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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