---
title: When the natives first heard guns fired they said that the voice of… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: When the natives first heard guns fired they said that the voice of the gun was “pu.” Who acts: natives, voice. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Pele Came to Hawaii, sentence 114

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When the natives first heard guns fired they said that the voice of the gun was “pu.”

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**Who acts:** natives, voice · **What happens:** hear, fire, say, be · **To what, where:** guns, pu · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natives, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:5:114
# text = When the natives first heard guns fired they said that the voice of the gun was “pu.”
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	natives	native	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	fired	fire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	pu	pu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the natives *not said here* | guns |  |  |  | first *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer gun=Stimulus |
| 2 | **fire** | past | the natives |  |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | natives *= native* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the voice of the gun | pu |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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