---
title: The Hawaiians as a nation, even in their traditions, have never been… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The Hawaiians as a nation, even in their traditions, have never been cannibals, although their legends give many individual instances of cannibalism. Who acts: Hawaiians, legends. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii, with its depende
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Pele Came to Hawaii, sentence 46

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The Hawaiians as a nation, even in their traditions, have never been cannibals, although their legends give many individual instances of cannibalism.

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**Who acts:** Hawaiians, legends · **What happens:** have, not be, give, instance · **To what, where:** cannibals, many individual instances, cannibalism

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hawaiians, legends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:5:46
# text = The Hawaiians as a nation, even in their traditions, have never been cannibals, although their legends give many individual instances of cannibalism.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Hawaiians	Hawaiian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	even	even	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	traditions	tradition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	cop	_	_
15	cannibals	cannibal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	legends	legend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
21	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	individual	individual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	instances	instance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	cannibalism	cannibalism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Hawaiians as a nation and Hawaiians's traditions |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | participle |  | cannibals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** | present | Hawaiians's legends | many individual instances of cannibalism |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instance=Theme |
| 4 | **instance** |  |  | cannibalism |  |  |  |  | nom instance «event transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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