---
title: The Pele stories say that “Ku-waha-ilo was a cannibal,” and “Haumea… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The Pele stories say that “Ku-waha-ilo was a cannibal,” and “Haumea was a pali [precipice or a prominent part of the earth].” Who acts: Pele stories, waha ilo, Haumea. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii, with its dependency tree and
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Pele Came to Hawaii, sentence 47

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The Pele stories say that “Ku-waha-ilo was a cannibal,” and “Haumea was a pali \[precipice or a prominent part of the earth\].”

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**Who acts:** Pele stories, waha ilo, Haumea · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** cannibal, pali · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele stories, waha ilo, Haumea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:5:47
# text = The Pele stories say that “Ku-waha-ilo was a cannibal,” and “Haumea was a pali [precipice or a prominent part of the earth].”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Pele	Pele	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
6	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Ku	Ku	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	waha	waha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	ilo	ilo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cannibal	cannibal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Haumea	Haumea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	pali	pali	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
23	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	precipice	precipice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	prominent	prominent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Pele stories |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | waha ilo | a cannibal and a pali |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | Haumea | a pali |  |  |  | precipice or a prominent part of the earth *appos* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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