---
title: The giant called to his au-makua to fly to the mountains, and then,… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The giant called to his au-makua to fly to the mountains, and then, suddenly changing himself into his dragon form, he dashed up the precipice toward his home. Who acts: giant, flash. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Owl Ghost-god, with its 
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Owl Ghost-god, sentence 45

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The giant called to his au-makua to fly to the mountains, and then, suddenly changing himself into his dragon form, he dashed up the precipice toward his home.

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**Who acts:** giant, flash · **What happens:** call, fly, change, dash up, form · **To what, where:** giant, au makua, flash, dragon form, precipice, home · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Owl Ghost-god. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giant, flash), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:6:45
# text = The giant called to his au-makua to fly to the mountains, and then, suddenly changing himself into his dragon form, he dashed up the precipice toward his home.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
6	au	au	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	makua	makua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	conj	_	_
20	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	19	obj	_	_
21	into	into	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	dashed	dash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	precipice	precipice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | the giant *not said here* | flash's au makua |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to makua=Recipient |
| 2 | **fly** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to the mountains *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to mountain=Result |
| 3 | **change** | gerund | the giant *not said here* | flash |  |  | then | into flash's dragon form *result*; suddenly *property* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent himself=Patient into form=Result |
| 4 | **dash up** | past | the giant | the precipice |  | flash's home |  | flash *nsubj* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent precipice=Theme toward home=Trajectory |
| 5 | **form** |  | flash |  |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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