---
title: Between these two branches of the lava river lay stretched a tract o… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Between these two branches of the lava river lay stretched a tract of ancient lava several miles wide, desolate and dreary save for small clumps of trees and patches of ferns and grass. Who acts: you. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele, with 
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 16

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Between these two branches of the lava river lay stretched a tract of ancient lava several miles wide, desolate and dreary save for small clumps of trees and patches of ferns and grass.

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**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** stretch, desolate, save · **To what, where:** tract

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:7:16
# text = Between these two branches of the lava river lay stretched a tract of ancient lava several miles wide, desolate and dreary save for small clumps of trees and patches of ferns and grass.
1	Between	between	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
9	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tract	tract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
18	wide	wide	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	desolate	desolate	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	dreary	dreary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	save	save	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	clumps	clump	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	patches	patch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	ferns	fern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch** | past · passive | you *not said here* | a tract of ancient lava |  |  |  | between this two branches; of the lava river; several miles *obl*; wide *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: tract=Patient |
| 2 | **desolate** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **save** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for small clumps of trees and patches of ferns and grass | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent for clump=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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