---
title: That summer day, on the lava of long ago, so long ago that its date… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: That summer day, on the lava of long ago, so long ago that its date is not recorded, we heard the story of the chiefs of Kahuku and the fiery and voluptuous goddess of the volcanic forces of the Hawaiian Islands. Who acts: we. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Wester
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 27

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That summer day, on the lava of long ago, so long ago that its date is not recorded, we heard the story of the chiefs of Kahuku and the fiery and voluptuous goddess of the volcanic forces of the Hawaiian Islands.

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**Who acts:** we · **What happens:** not record, hear · **To what, where:** date, story

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:7:27
# text = That summer day, on the lava of long ago, so long ago that its date is not recorded, we heard the story of the chiefs of Kahuku and the fiery and voluptuous goddess of the volcanic forces of the Hawaiian Islands.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
10	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	_
14	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	date	date	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	recorded	record	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Kahuku	Kahuku	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
33	fiery	fiery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	voluptuous	voluptuous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	conj	_	_
36	goddess	goddess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
43	Hawaiian	Hawaiian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	compound	_	_
44	Islands	Island	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **record** | present · passive |  | lava's date |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **hear** | past | we | the story of the chiefs of Kahuku and the fiery goddess of the volcanic forces of the Hawaiian Islands |  |  | day | ago *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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