---
title: The lava piled itself up around it, while at the command of Pele a n… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: The lava piled itself up around it, while at the command of Pele a new gush of lava rose up like a fresh crater and swallowed up all that was left. Who acts: lava, new gush. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 77

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The lava piled itself up around it, while at the command of Pele a new gush of lava rose up like a fresh crater and swallowed up all that was left.

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**Who acts:** lava, new gush · **What happens:** pile up, rise up, swallow up, leave, command, gush · **To what, where:** lava, side, command, that, Pele · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lava, new gush), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:7:77
# text = The lava piled itself up around it, while at the command of Pele a new gush of lava rose up like a fresh crater and swallowed up all that was left.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	piled	pile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
9	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Pele	Pele	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	gush	gush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	like	like	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	crater	crater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	32	det:predet	_	_
30	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pile up** | past | the lava | lava |  | side |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent itself=Theme around it=Destination |
| 2 | **rise up** | past | a new gush of lava |  |  | the command of Pele |  | like a fresh crater | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at command=Location |
| 3 | **swallow up** | participle | a new gush of lava *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **leave** | past · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **command** |  |  | Pele |  |  |  |  | nom command «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **gush** |  | lava |  |  |  |  |  | nom gush «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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