---
title: Thus the traditions say Cape Kumu-kahi, the southeast point of the i… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus the traditions say Cape Kumu-kahi, the southeast point of the island Hawaii, was formed. Who acts: traditions. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 14

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Thus the traditions say Cape Kumu-kahi, the southeast point of the island Hawaii, was formed.

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**Who acts:** traditions · **What happens:** say, form, point · **To what, where:** Cape, island Hawaii · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (traditions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:8:14
# text = Thus the traditions say Cape Kumu-kahi, the southeast point of the island Hawaii, was formed.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	traditions	tradition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Cape	Cape	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	Kumu	Kumu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	kahi	kahi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	southeast	southeast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	formed	form	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the traditions |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **form** | past · passive |  | Cape and kahi |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **point** |  |  | the island Hawaii |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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