--- title: The flowing lava would easily push itself up through the small openi… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics description: The flowing lava would easily push itself up through the small opening around a burning tree and would keep on pushing and building up a higher and higher cone of lava as the tree burned away, until the tree was destroyed. Who acts: flowing lava, tree. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (m --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mytholo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/) / [Pele and the Chiefs of Puna](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/) / 31 # Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 31 The flowing lava would easily push itself up through the small opening around a burning tree and would keep on pushing and building up a higher and higher cone of lava as the tree burned away, until the tree was destroyed. **Who acts:** flowing lava, tree · **What happens:** flow, push up, burn, keep, push, build up · **To what, where:** lava, small opening, higher higher cone, tree This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flowing lava, tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66516:8:31 # text = The flowing lava would easily push itself up through the small opening around a burning tree and would keep on pushing and building up a higher and higher cone of lava as the tree burned away, until the tree was destroyed. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 flowing flow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 amod _ _ 3 lava lava NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 4 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 5 easily easily ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 push push VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 itself itself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 6 obj _ _ 8 up up ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 9 through through ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 opening opening NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 13 around around ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 burning burn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 16 amod _ _ 16 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 20 on on SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 21 pushing push VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 xcomp _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 building build VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 conj _ _ 24 up up ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 26 higher high ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 29 amod _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 higher high ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 29 amod _ _ 29 cone cone NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 lava lava NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 32 as as SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 burned burn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 advcl _ _ 36 away away ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 38 until until SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj:pass _ _ 41 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux:pass _ _ 42 destroyed destroy VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **flow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **push up** | would | the flowing lava | lava | | the small opening around a burning tree | | easily *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent itself=Theme through opening=Trajectory | | 3 | **burn** | gerund | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **keep** | would | the flowing lava *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **push** | gerund | the flowing lava *not said here* | | | | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **build up** | gerund | the flowing lava *not said here* | a higher higher cone of lava | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer cone=Patient | | 7 | **burn away** | past | the tree | | | | | away *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **destroy** | past · passive | | the tree | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/30/) - next →: [sentence 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/32/) - ↑ back to [Pele and the Chiefs of Puna](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/)