---
title: Pele had heard the boasting chief and had shown that no land around… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics
description: Pele had heard the boasting chief and had shown that no land around her pit of fire was secure against her will. Who acts: Pele, land. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 81

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Pele had heard the boasting chief and had shown that no land around her pit of fire was secure against her will.

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**Who acts:** Pele, land · **What happens:** hear, boast, show, be · **To what, where:** boasting chief

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This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66516:8:81
# text = Pele had heard the boasting chief and had shown that no land around her pit of fire was secure against her will.
1	Pele	Pele	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	boasting	boast	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
13	around	around	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	secure	secure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
20	against	against	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past · perfect | Pele | the boasting chief |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer chief=Stimulus |
| 2 | **boast** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **show** | past · perfect | Pele *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past | no land around Pele's pit of fire |  |  |  |  | secure *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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